国贸方面的小常识－－－－中英结合版

国贸方面的小常识－－－－中英结合版,标签：注册采购师培训,注册采购师考试试题,http://www.duoxue8.com

组别  

国际电码  

交货地点  

卖方责任  

E组（启运术语）  

EXW  

商品产地、所在地  

卖方在自己的处所把货交给买方  

F组（主运费未付）  

FCA  

出口地承运人接货地  

卖方须将货物交至买方指定的承运地  

FAS  

装运港船边  

FOB  

装运港船上  

C组（主运费已付）  

CFR  

装运港船上  

卖方承办运输，必要时代办保险但不承担启运后的任何风险或额外费用  

CIF  

装运港船上  

CPT  

出口地承运人接货地  

CIP  

出口地承运人接货地  

D组（抵达术语）  

 

 

 

 

DAF  

出口国边境  

卖方必须承担把货物交至目的地国家所需的全部费用和风险  

 

DES  

卸货港船上  

DEQ  

卸货港码头  

DDU  

卸货港保税仓库  

DDR  

进口国买方指定地点  

Deformation of the price term 价格术语的变形  

The deformation of the price term is used for explaining the expenses related to loading or unloading a ship, such as FOB stowed, FOB trimmed, discharging expenses.  

1. Deformation of FOB  

(1) FOB liner terms: All load onto ship expenses as to the liner terms, all plus to freight, born by the party (namely the buyer )（2）FOB under tackle: It is only responsible for sending the goods to the tackle of the ship which the buyer appoints, namely the expenses for hanging onto ship is buyer's account. （3）FOB stowed: Seller afford the expenses of packing goods into cabin and bear including stowed. Stowed means the expenses that the goods enter the floor of spaceship, find a room for it, putting in order. （4）FOB trimmed: Seller response for the expenses that pack goods into cabin and the trimmed. Trimmed is for protect hull steady and damaging the hull structure when sailing, for the large bulk cargo. 价格术语的变形是用来解释与装船或卸船有关的费用，主要是指理舱费、平舱费和卸货费等有关费用。  

一、FOB的变形  

（1）FOB liner terms（班轮条件）。指所有装船费用如同怡班轮装运那样，全部加在运费里，由支付运费的一方（即买方）负担。（2）FOB under tackle （吊钩下交接）。指卖方仅负责将货物交到买方指派船只的吊钩所及之处，即货物起吊开始的装船费用由买方负担。 （3）FOB stowed（理舱费在内）。指卖方负责将货物装入船舱并承担包括理舱费在内的装船费用。理舱费是指货物进入舱底后，对其进行安置、整理和垫隔所支付的费用。（4）FOB trimmed（平舱费在内）。指卖方负责将货物装入船舱并负责包括平舱费在内的装船费用。平舱费是指为保护航行时船身平稳和不损坏船身结构，对大宗散货进行削平、整理所支付的费用。  

2.Deformation of CIF  

(1) CIF liner terms: As to the liner terms, the fee charged by the one (seller) afford the freight.（2）CIF ex-ship’s hold: The buyer opens the cabin by itself, bear and hang the goods the expenses unloaded to the quay from floor of spaceship. （3）CIF landed: Seller take charge of unloading the goods and bear the expenses caused by this, include barge , fee dockage ,etc.. 二、CIF的变形 （1）CIF liner terms（班轮条件）。指按班轮运输处理，由支付运费的一方（卖方）负担。（2）CIF ex-ship’s hold（舱底交接）。指由买方自行启舱，承担将货物从舱底起吊卸到码头的费用。（3）CIF landed（卸到岸上）。指卖方负责将货卸到岸上，并承担由此引起的费用，含驳船、费码头费等。  

Chapter 3  

Samples That Confirm Goods Quality  

Sale By Sample凭样交易 （1）Seller's Sample卖方样品[Produce and send the sample,生产并寄送样品 Keep duplicate留复样 ]（2）Buyer's Sample买方样品[ Produce according to buyer's sample and send it out 根据买方样品生产并寄送回样(Caution注意点, Sale by counter sample 凭对等样品交易) (1)(2)--- Confirm Goods Quality确定样品品质  

Send the sample: To promote business, the quality of sample is always better than that in ordinary production process. We should be cautious about it. If customer confirms the sample, the quality of products must be on the same level of the sample, including the outward appearance and essential quality as well. Whether the sample’s quality is much higher or lower than ordinary, we will be in difficulty. So we ought to send the sample properly: when we have no absolute certainty about the quality or the products are not fit for “sale by sample”, we may add the statement “quality shall be about equal to the sample” or” quality is nearly the same as the sample”. 寄送样品： 为了促成交易，样品的质量常常会比一般情况下生产的产品好，但要注意把握好度，应实事求是地备样。 当卖方对品质无绝对把握，或对于一些不完全适合凭样成交的货物，应声明“品质与样品大致相同”或“品质与样品近似”。为了保证样品能尽快到达客户手中，多半采用邮递快件的方式将样品寄送出去。  

Keep duplicate: We ought to keep a duplicate of the sample in case of dispute in the future. Usually we keep two duplicate samples, one is kept by ourselves and the other is sent to the Inspection Bureau（if the product need inspection or legal inspection）. 留复样：寄送样品时要留取品质与样品相同的样品，以备将来交货和处理纠纷时核对之用。 凭样交易买卖时，一般均留存复样（Duplicate Sample）1~2份，一份自存，一份送商检局备查，作为将来交货或处理品质纠纷时核对之用。  

Buyer's sample: Nowadays, the demand of international market in commodities’ fancy、description and sculpt is various and changed rapidly. To increase our commodities’ Merchantability and meet customers’ requirement,we may accept dealing business according to buyer’s sample. 凭买方样品买卖： 为了提高我国商品的适销性，满足用户需求，把买卖做活，可以接受按买方样品洽谈交易， 订立出口合同。注意点：采用买方样品买卖应考虑和注意以下问题：（1）要考虑来样是否符合我国对外贸易的原则要求，即商品不能有反动、***、丑恶的内容。（2）要考虑我方原材料供应、市场价格、技术设备和条件以及生产安排的可能性。（3）要考虑来样是否涉及第三者的商标、专利权益等问题。

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